Cartilage is a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects joints and bones. Ollier’s disease and multiple hereditary exostoses are two different benign growths in the bone cartilage. They are also known as cartilage-capped bone tumors.
The key difference between Ollier’s disease and multiple hereditary exostoses is their location. Ollier’s disease is a benign growth in the cartilage found inside bones, while multiple hereditary exostoses is a benign growth in cartilage and bone that happens at the end of the bone near the growth plate.
CONTENTS
1. Overview and Key Difference
2. What is Ollier’s Disease
3. What is Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
4. Similarities – Ollier’s Disease and Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
5. Ollier’s Disease vs Multiple Hereditary Exostoses in Tabular Form
6. Summary – Ollier’s Disease vs Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
7. FAQ – Ollier’s Disease and Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
What is Ollier’s Disease?
Ollier’s disease is a rare benign growth in the bone cartilage that typically affects arm and leg bones. About 1 in 100,000 people are living with Ollier’s disease. The signs and symptoms of this condition include severe bone deformity, shortened limbs, fractures, pain, swollen bones, and palpable bone mass. This condition is caused by specific gene mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 genes. But this condition is not hereditary.
Ollier’s disease can be diagnosed through physical examination, blood test, X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and genetic testing. Furthermore, treatment options for Ollier’s disease may include taking pain medications, curettage, bone transplants, joining bones together, and fixing any discrepancy between the length of limbs and limb straightening.
What is Multiple Hereditary Exostoses?
Multiple hereditary exostoses is a benign bone cartilage tumor in the cartilage at the ends of bones, such as long bones. They are more common in young children and adolescents. About 1 in 50,000 to 100,000 people usually have multiple hereditary exostoses. This condition is caused by a mutation in the EXT1 and EXT2. In some situations, this condition can be inherited. The signs and symptoms of this condition may include abnormal bone growth, bone fractures, limb length discrepancy, loss of motion of joints, pinched nerves, premature osteoarthritis, problems with ankles and knees, short and long-term pain, and short stature.
Multiple hereditary exostoses can be diagnosed through medical history, physical examination, X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and genetic testing. Furthermore, treatment options for multiple hereditary exostoses include pain management, physical therapy, surgery to lengthen the limbs, and surgery to remove tumors.
Similarities Between Ollier’s Disease and Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
- Ollier’s disease and multiple hereditary exostoses are two benign bone cartilage growths.
- Both may have similar symptoms, such as abnormal bone growth, pain, bone fractures, etc.
- Both can be diagnosed through physical examination and imaging testing.
- They can be treated through pain management and surgery.
Difference Between Ollier’s Disease and Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
Definition
- Ollier’s Disease is a benign bone cartilage tumor in the cartilage found inside bones.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses is a benign bone cartilage tumor in the cartilage at the ends of bones.
Type
- Ollier’s Disease manifests as enchondromas.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses manifest as osteochondromas.
Heredity
- Ollier’s Disease is not hereditary.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses is hereditary.
Causes
- Ollier’s disease is associated with specific gene mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses is linked to specific gene mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes.
Symptoms
- Ollier’s disease symptoms include bone deformity, shortened limbs, bone fractures, bone pain, swollen bones, and detectable bone masses.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses symptoms involve abnormal bone growth, bone fractures, restricted joint motion, pinched nerves, ankle and knee issues, pain, and short stature.
Diagnosis
- Ollier’s disease diagnosis involves physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests, and genetic testing.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses diagnosis involves medical history review, physical examination, imaging tests, and genetic testing.
Treatment
- Ollier’s disease is managed with pain management techniques and surgery.
- Multiple hereditary exostoses treatment typically involves pain management, physical therapy, and surgery.
The following table summarizes the difference between Ollier’s disease and multiple hereditary exostoses.
Summary – Ollier’s Disease vs Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
Ollier’s disease and multiple hereditary exostoses are two different benign bone cartilage growths. Ollier’s disease occurs in the cartilage found inside bones, while multiple hereditary exostoses occurs in the cartilage at the end of the bone near the growth plate. Moreover, Ollier’s disease is caused by specific gene mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 genes whereas multiple hereditary exostoses is caused by specific gene mutations in EXT1 and EXT2 genes. This is the key difference between Ollier’s disease and multiple hereditary exostoses.
FAQ: Ollier’s Disease and Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
1. What is the cause of Ollier’s disease?
- Ollier’s disease is caused by specific gene mutations in IDH1, IDH2, and PTHR1. These mutations are present only in a percentage of the cells, not all the cells in the body, which indicates somatic mosaicism.
2. What are the symptoms of Ollier’s disease?
- The typical symptoms of Ollier’s disease include palpable masses on a finger or a toe, an asymmetric shortening of an extremity with limping, osseous deformities associated or not associated with pathologic bone fractures.
3. How does one treat Ollier’s disease?
- The most common surgical treatments for Ollier’s disease include pain management, curettage, bone grafting, internal fixation, and managing angular deformity or limb length discrepancy.
4. How do multiple hereditary exostoses affect the body?
- The benign growths may cause soreness when they arise under tendons or areas that get bumped, pressure on the tendons, nerves, and vessels, and angular deformities in arms and legs.
5. Are multiple hereditary exostoses cancerous?
- Multiple hereditary exostoses is a rare benign tumor. However, about 0.5 to 2% of multiple hereditary exostoses will turn malignant into chondrosarcoma or osteosarcoma.
Reference:
1. “Ollier’s Disease: Cause, Symptoms, Treatment, and More.” Medical News Today, MediLexicon International.
2. “Multiple Hereditary Exostoses (Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromas): Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment.” Cleveland Clinic.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Ollier radio2” By Silve, C, Jüppner, H. – Silve, C, Jüppner, H. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 1, 37. 2006. PMID 16995932 doi:10.1186/1750-1172-1-37 (CC BY 2.0) via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Association Cortices” By Birte Toussaint – Own work (CC BY-SA 4.0) via Commons Wikimedia
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